Advanced Placement (AP) English Literature Practice Exam

What does the term anathema refer to in literary contexts?

1. An enduring love story

2. A universally accepted truth

3. A highly favored character

4. A person or thing that is greatly detested or cursed

The correct answer is: A person or thing that is greatly detested or cursed

The term "anathema" in literary contexts refers specifically to a person or thing that is greatly detested or cursed. This term originates from ecclesiastical language, where it denoted something or someone that has been formally denounced or excommunicated. In literature, it often embodies a theme of rejection, aversion, or intense dislike, frequently symbolizing societal outcasts, forbidden desires, or moral condemnation. The use of "anathema" can also enrich a text by evoking strong emotional responses, highlighting conflicts, and deepening character development by associating individuals or concepts with profound animosity or taboo. In contrast, the other options refer to concepts that do not align with the definition of "anathema." While an enduring love story or a universally accepted truth might reflect affirmations of positivity, a highly favored character suggests admiration rather than detestation. Thus, the correct understanding of "anathema" as something vehemently opposed or reviled is essential for comprehending its application in literature.