Advanced Placement (AP) English Literature Practice Exam

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What is the logical structure that involves two premises leading to a conclusion?

Stream of Consciousness
Syllogism
Symbolism
Synecdoche

The correct answer is: Syllogism

The logical structure that involves two premises leading to a conclusion is known as a syllogism. A syllogism is a form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn from two given or assumed propositions (premises). For instance, in a classic syllogism: "All humans are mortal" (first premise), "Socrates is a human" (second premise), therefore "Socrates is mortal" (conclusion). This structure is fundamental in deductive reasoning and helps illustrate how logical conclusions can be systematically derived from general statements. The other options do not relate to logical reasoning in this way. Stream of consciousness refers to a narrative technique that captures the flow of thoughts and feelings in a character's mind. Symbolism involves the use of symbols to represent ideas or concepts, while synecdoche is a figure of speech in which a part of something is used to refer to the whole, or vice versa. These concepts describe literary and rhetorical styles rather than logical argumentation.