Advanced Placement (AP) English Literature Practice Exam

Which term describes a serious play that usually ends in disaster for the central character?

1. Tragedy

2. Comedy

3. Farce

4. Melodrama

The correct answer is: Tragedy

The term that fits the description of a serious play that typically concludes with disaster for the central character is "tragedy." In literature, tragedy is characterized by its focus on the struggles of the protagonist, often leading to significant suffering, loss, or death. The central character in a tragedy frequently experiences a downfall due to a combination of fate, moral weakness, or unwise decisions, eliciting feelings of pity and fear from the audience. Tragedies are structured to highlight profound themes such as human suffering, moral dilemmas, and the consequences of one's actions, making them a powerful form of drama. Classic examples include works like Shakespeare's "Hamlet" and "Macbeth," where the protagonists are faced with irreversible choices that lead to their ultimate ruin. In contrast, the other terms refer to distinct genres that do not fit this definition. Comedy focuses on humor and often ends happily, while farce emphasizes exaggerated situations for comedic effect. Melodrama, though it may involve serious themes, typically includes more sensational elements and emotional appeal rather than the inevitable downfall of the tragic hero.